~The Battle of Leyte Gulf ~ and  USS ESSEX CV9

And the combat ceased for want of combatants. El Cid   

 

 

October 24

The morning of October 24 1944, Admiral Kuritas ships were discovered in the Sibuyan Sea, just about to turn into Tablas Strait. During all that morning, the Essex had been on alert.

At 10:15, a twin engined bomber broke through the combat air patrol screen and came down on the formation to attack the LANGLEY. This Betty bomber was pursued by an F6F which dared the anti-aircraft fire to come in. But the AA guns got the Betty, and it crashed between the LANGLEY and the ESSEX; they  nearly got the F6F as well, until it banked and waggled it's wings to show it's markings.

The next raid came twenty minutes later, five Japanese bombers moved in fast, but two were shot down and the other three were chased off  before they could drop torpedoes or bombs. Another raid came in at 11:00. The ESSEX was preparing a strike. In some ways it seems a wonder that the beleagured carrier could mount a strike.

Admiral Sherman's first strike was launched at 10:53 on the morning of the 24th and discovered two groups of Japanese ships, totaling 26 vessels in all, about 3 miles apart.. Ten ESSEX Helldivers were involved in that strike, and two of them, LT.jg Matthews and LT.jg Parrish, found the MUSASHI, one of the worlds two largest battleships (her sister ship the YAMATO, was the other). They each braved intense anti-aircraft fire to put a bomb into her.. Commander Mini, LT.jg Nelson, and LT.jg Fontaine scored hits on the battleship NAGATO. Someone hit the YAMATO twice. LT.jg Kelley found a cruiser and bombed it.

Very noticeable on these attacks were the heavy and accurate anti-aircraft fire. Commander Mini was hit hard and barely made it back to the carrier group; he wasn't able to get aboard ESSEX though, and had to land in the water and was picked up by a destroyer.

The main ESSEX strike got off at 12:59 PM, consisting of 8 fighters and a dozen Helldivers. The ESSEX pilots went after the big ships. There was some confusion because both the YAMATO and MUSASHI were in action that day, and several pilots reported hitting battleships of this class, but which was not certain at the time.  It's believed YAMATO escaped further attacks by seeking cover under a squall. The MUSASHI is the ship that took the beating, and finally the combined efforts of the planes of Task Force 38 sank her that evening. The fighters were bombers that day, dropping from 2,500 feet. The dive bombers were carrying 1,000-pound bombs.

Musashi under attack  Musashi under Attack

October 25

On the first attack, planes of Air Group 15 sank a CHITOSE class light carrier and damaged a second CHITOSE class carrier. They also hit and damaged a ZUIHO class light carrier and an ISE class battleship. On later strikes they assisted in sinking a ZUIKAKU class heavy carrier, damaging another CHITOSE CVL, and damaged a TERUTSUKI class destroyer

VB15 enjoyed a very successful day:

On the first strike hits were made on a Chitose class CVL by LT. Bridgers and LTs.jg Turner*, Rising, Eisenhart, Bailey, Moore, and Woods. The carrier was so badly damaged that the Target Coordinator ordered the torpedo planes to take another target, as it was clearly sinking from the bombing attack. Two or three torpedo planes, however, expedited the sinking with torpedo hits.

On the next strike VB15 hits were made on the Zuikaku class carrier by LT. Mills, Foote*,Zanetti, and Brice, and Ensigns Livesay*, Avery*, and Pendergast. These, together with hits by other squadrons, resulted in its rapid sinking.

Zuikaku under attack Zuikaku under attack 

Hits were also made on the second Chitose class carrier by LT. Noyes*, LT.jg McCutchen, and one other pilot.

LT. Noyes** plane was hit by AA fire as he started his pull out from his attack and his plane burst into flames. He dived his plane so low that several pilots thought he had gone in, but he succeeded in bringing his plane out just above the surface, and by diving his plane he had put out the fire. He was escorted home by LT.jg McCutchen where he made a successful landing aboard, although the plane was so badly damaged, it was pushed over the side. His gunner Paul Shehan**, ARM1c, suffered burns about his eyes and on his left hand.

The last flight of the day VB15 attacked an ISE class battleship. Hits were obtained by LTs Brodhead, West and Glass; LTs.jg DeCesaro, and Killaney, and Ensigns Frank ,and Oakman. The battleship was stopped dead in the water, and was later to be seen moving at only 8 knots.

Attacking in the Sibuyan Sea Sibuyan Sea

The task group fueled on 26 October; flew a five sector search without result, then moved southward to reach a point off the northeastern end of Samar on the next day, before starting for Ulithi Lagoon, which was reached on 30 October.

November 1

On November 1 the task group got underway from Ulithi to Manus, but at 1945 that evening orders were received to change course and proceed to Leyte because of increasing enemy air attack and the sighting of four enemy battleships, 3 heavy cruisers and 3 light cruisers, and their destroyer escorts in Balabac Strait. The enemy force retired the next day. (Got the hell out of Dodge... (R.S.)). But the enemy air activity continued to increase.

After refueling on 3 November the task group made a high speed run-in that was started at noon of the following day for a two day cleanup of enemy air strength on Luzon. The USS RENO was torpedoed by a submarine at just before midnight on 3 November. RENO returned to Ulithi under escort. The striking force therefore consisted of ESSEX, LEXINGTON, TICONDEROGA, LANGLEY, WASHINGTON, ALABAMA, MASSACHUSETTS, SANTA FE, MOBILE and their Destroyer escorts.

On 5 November four strikes were made, two on Nichols Airfield at Manila and two on shipping in Manila Bay. Bogies were on the screen most of the day, and at 1339 the Lexington was damaged by a Zeke which dove into her Island structure. In the same attack another enemy plane diving on the Ticonderoga, narrowly missed and plunged into the sea alongside. The Essex , stationed between these two ships was not attacked at this time.

Because of the presence of many bogies. the Essex went to General Quarters at 1945, and remained in that condition overnight. It had been secured only a short time the next morning before new bogies again brought all hands to battle stations. Some enemy planes were reported above the disposition at 29,000 feet but none dove on the ship. Despite this enemy activity, two strikes were made during the day, the first on enemy shipping in Manila breakwater and the second on ships in Silanguin Harbor, west of Subic Bay.

On the first strike LT.jg William S. Rising and John Montgomery, ARM2, were shot down and made a safe water landing at sea west of Manila Bay. Two VB which accompanied a fighter sweep between the first and second strikes located them and dropped additional life rafts and provisions, also establishing communication with the rescue submarine and receiving its report that she was only 21 minutes away. (That rescue never came about... read the story of Bill Rising and John Montgomery - Shotdown in the Pacific).

The force struck again on 11 November and destroyed a troop convoy attempting to reinforce the garrison at Leyte Island. On 13 and 14 November four more strikes were made on shipping in the Manila area. Course was then set for Ulithi, which was reached 17 November.

(*)  These men were later -  killed in action. (* *) Noyes and his gunner Shehan had flown 47 missions).  

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The above narrative was gleaned from several sources; among them, VB15 pilot, Walter Fontaine -  and the book McCampbells Heroes by Edwin P. Hoyt ...  R.S.

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